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The Respiratory System
           Chapter 13




           Organs of the
         Respiratory system
   -
   Pharynx
   -
   Trachea
   -
   Lungs 
    alveoli
                                   Figure 13.1




 Function of the Respiratory System

 Oversees gas exchanges between-

 Exchange of gasses takes place within
  the lungs in the alveoli

 Passageways to the lungs-




                                                 1
    ______________________
 The only externally visible part of the
  respiratory system

 Air enters the nose through the-



 The interior of the nose consists of a
  nasal cavity divided by-




       Upper Respiratory Tract




                                         Figure 13.2




   Anatomy of the Nasal Cavity
 ______________________________-
  are located in the mucosa on the
  superior surface

 The rest of the cavity is lined with
  respiratory mucosa
  -
  -




                                                       2
   Anatomy of the Nasal Cavity
 Lateral walls have projections called-
  _________________________
  -
   Increases air turbulence within the nasal
    cavity

 The nasal cavity is separated from the
  oral cavity by- ____________________
   Anterior hard palate (________________)
   Posterior soft palate (________________)




  ________________________
 Cavities within bones surrounding the
  nasal cavity
  -
   Sphenoid bone
  -
   Maxillary bone




         Paranasal Sinuses

 Function of the sinuses
   -
    Act as resonance chambers for speech
    Produce mucus-




                                                3
  _________________________
 Muscular passage from nasal cavity to
  larynx
 Three regions of the pharynx
   __________________________________-
    superior region behind nasal cavity
   __________________________________-
    middle region behind mouth
   __________________________________-
    inferior region attached to larynx

 The oropharynx and laryngopharynx are-




       Structures of the Pharynx

  Auditory tubes enter the nasopharynx

  Tonsils of the pharynx
    ________________________________ -
     in the nasopharynx
    ________________________________-
     in the oropharynx
    ________________________________-
     at the base of the tongue




   ___________________________

  -


  Plays a role in speech

  Made of eight rigid hyaline cartilages
   and a spoon-shaped flap of elastic
   cartilage (______________________)




                                            4
          Structures of the Larynx
  ____________________________-
       Largest hyaline cartilage
       Protrudes anteriorly (Adam's apple)


  ____________________________-
       Superior opening of the larynx
       Routes food to the larynx and air toward
        the trachea




          Structures of the Larynx

   ____________________________-
       Vibrate with expelled air to create sound
        (speech)


   __________________________ 
    opening between vocal cords




      ________________________
 -

 Lined with-
 Beat continuously in the opposite direction
  of incoming air
   Expel mucus loaded with dust and other
    debris away from lungs


 Walls are reinforced with-




                                                    5

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